임신과 흡연 (Smoking during Pregnancy)
흡연 (Smoking)은 일반인도 좋지 않은 습관이다. 여러 가지 암, 심장병, 뇌혈관 질환등과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다.
임산부도 마찬가지 이다. 더욱이 임신부의 경우는 흡연으로 인해 저 체중아, 신생아 사망률 증가, 학습능력저하, 조기 태반박리 등으로 인한 사산 등의 심각한 문제가 생길 수 있다. 임신 중 흡연은 유산, 사산, 조산, 저체중, 기형, 그리고 돌연사 증후군과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 또한 임신부가 담배를 피울 경우 아기에게 학습장애나 행동발달 장애가 온다는 보고도 있으며, 태아가 암에 걸릴 확률은 최고 20배나 높다는 보고도 있다.
- 태아에게 공급되는 산소의 양을 줄인다.
- 태아의 심장박동을 증가시킨다.
합병증
- 난임 위험 증가 (14%)
- 조기폐경 가능성 증가 (26%)
- 유산(Abortion) 과 사산 (Stillbirth) 을 증가시킨다.
- 조산과 저체중을 유발한다. (평균 300g 감소)
- 신생아의 호흡기 질환을 증가시킨다.
- 기형아 발생을 증가시킨다. (약 2배)
참고문헌
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