차이
문서의 선택한 두 판 사이의 차이를 보여줍니다.
양쪽 이전 판이전 판다음 판 | 이전 판 | ||
med:임신과_흡연 [2019/11/25 15:19] – [합병증] V_L | med:임신과_흡연 [2023/12/25 17:22] (현재) – V_L | ||
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- 태아의 심장박동을 증가시킨다. | - 태아의 심장박동을 증가시킨다. | ||
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=====합병증===== | =====합병증===== | ||
+ | - 난임 위험 증가 (14%) | ||
+ | - 조기폐경 가능성 증가 (26%) | ||
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+ | =====참고문헌===== | ||
+ | * Systematic and meta-analytic review of research examining the impact of menstrual cycle phase and ovarian hormones on smoking and cessation. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Apr; | ||
+ | * The 2014 Surgeon General' | ||
+ | * Differences in age at death according to smoking and age at menopause. Menopause 2015; doi: | ||
+ | * Smoking and infertility: | ||
+ | * The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine | ||
+ | * American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama | ||
+ | * DOI: http:// | ||
+ | * The effects of smoked nicotine on measures of subjective States and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones in women during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. J Addict Med. 2015 May-Jun; | ||
+ | * Does maternal smoking have a negative physiological effect on breastfeeding? | ||
+ | * Breastfeeding and Smoking: Short-term Effects on Infant Feeding and Sleep. Pediatrics. 2007 Sep; 120(3): 497?502. | ||
+ | * Tobacco smoke causes premature skin aging. J Dermatol Sci.2007 Dec; | ||
+ | * Molecular basis of tobacco smoke-induced premature skin aging. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc.2009 Aug; | ||
+ | * Association between urine cotinine levels and bone mineral density in lumbar spine and femoral neck among adult males. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2014 Feb 15; | ||
+ | * Dose-related effect of urinary cotinine levels on bone mineral density among Korean females. | ||
+ | * Osteoporos Int. 2013 Apr; | ||
+ | * Safety concerns and health benefits associated with oral contraception. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; | ||
+ | * Treating tobacco dependence in women. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007 Oct; | ||
+ | * Smoking during pregnancy in France between 1972 to 2003: results from the national perinatal surveys. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). | ||
+ | * 2011; | ||
+ | * Smoking Patterns and Receipt of Cessation Services Among Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2015, 1-10 | ||
+ | * Smoking cessation in pregnancy: A review of postpartum relapse prevention strategies. J Am Board Fam Pract 2004; | ||
+ | * Health consequences of smoking 1-4 cigarettes per day. Tobacco control. 2005; | ||
+ | * The 21st century hazards of smoking and benefits of stopping: a prospective study of one million women in the UK. Lancet. 2013; | ||
+ | * Active and passive smoking and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2015 Nov; | ||
+ | * Smoking during pregnancy in France between 1972 to 2003: results from the national perinatal surveys. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2011; | ||
+ | * Smoking Patterns and Receipt of Cessation Services Among Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2015, 1-10 | ||
+ | * Smoking cessation in pregnancy: A review of postpartum relapse prevention strategies. J Am Board Fam Pract 2004; |