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| med:prostate_cancer [2020/10/09 13:58] – [전립선암의 5년 상대생존율추이, 대한민국 ]] V_L | med:prostate_cancer [2022/06/22 08:36] (현재) – [watchful waiting.] V_L | ||
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| Marked variation in rates of prostate cancer among populations in different parts of the world suggests the involvement of genetic factors. Familial predisposition also occurs. Environmental factors, notably diet, are important (see Etiology). | Marked variation in rates of prostate cancer among populations in different parts of the world suggests the involvement of genetic factors. Familial predisposition also occurs. Environmental factors, notably diet, are important (see Etiology). | ||
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| Currently, 47% of prostate cancers are identified in patients who are asymptomatic. Diagnosis in such cases is based on abnormalities in a screening prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level or findings on digital rectal examination (see Clinical Presentation). | Currently, 47% of prostate cancers are identified in patients who are asymptomatic. Diagnosis in such cases is based on abnormalities in a screening prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level or findings on digital rectal examination (see Clinical Presentation). | ||
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| A man with prostate cancer may have hormone therapy before, during, or after radiation therapy. Hormone therapy is also used alone for prostate cancer that has returned after treatment. | A man with prostate cancer may have hormone therapy before, during, or after radiation therapy. Hormone therapy is also used alone for prostate cancer that has returned after treatment. | ||
| - | This therapy is likely to be used in cases in which the cancer has spread to distant regions. The goal of hormonal therapy is to lower levels of testosterone or to stop testosterone from working. Prostate cancer is stimulated by testosterone and other male hormones (androgens). These effects on testosterone can be achieved with surgery or with drug treatment. Often, the initial response is good, but cancer may progress over time. | + | This therapy is likely to be used in cases in which the cancer has spread to distant regions. The goal of hormonal therapy is to lower levels of [[testosterone]] or to stop testosterone from working. Prostate cancer is stimulated by testosterone and other male hormones (androgens). These effects on testosterone can be achieved with surgery or with drug treatment. Often, the initial response is good, but cancer may progress over time. |
| The testes produce much of the testosterone that stimulates cancer growth. Surgical removal of both testicles (castration, | The testes produce much of the testosterone that stimulates cancer growth. Surgical removal of both testicles (castration, | ||